The Mudood (Lengthenings) Part 1
Its linguistic definition: Extra
Its applied definition: Lengthening of the sound with a letter of the madd letters.
The madd letters are in the following three cases:
1. The alif is always in this state, which is an alif saakinah, preceded by a fathah:
2. The ي saakinah preceded by a kasrah
3. The و saakinah preceded by a dhammah:
All three of these madd letters appear in one word in the following examples
Its linguistic definition: Extra
Its applied definition: Lengthening of the sound with a letter of the madd letters.
The madd letters are in the following three cases:
1. The alif is always in this state, which is an alif saakinah, preceded by a fathah:
2. The ي saakinah preceded by a kasrah
3. The و saakinah preceded by a dhammah:
All three of these madd letters appear in one word in the following examples
اوذينا نوحيها اوتيها
The leen letters
*The و saakinah preceded by a fat-hah, such as: او
* The ي sakinah preceded by a fat-hah), such as: شيء
The leen letters
*The و saakinah preceded by a fat-hah, such as: او
* The ي sakinah preceded by a fat-hah), such as: شيء
The madd is divided into two groups:
1. (The Original Madd) المد الاصلي
2. (The Secondary Madd) المد الفرعي
The Natural Lengthening المد الطبيعي
Its definition: It is the medd (lengthening) that without which the letter cannot exist (the timing), and it does not stop due to a hamzah or a sukoon.
Its indications: There should not be a hamzah before it, and there should not be a hamzah or sukoon after it.
It is named original because it is the origin of all mudood (lengthenings). It is called natural because the person with a natural measure will not increase its measure nor decrease it.
Its timing: It is lengthened two vowel counts.
The timing of each count depends on the speed of the reciter. Each vowel should be equal in count to the other, and the mudood of two, four, five, and six counts should be equal to that many vowels.
Examples of (the natural lengthening ): كما معدودات
In all these three words, have a natural madd with different madd letters and will have the timing of two vowel counts. A note, the word has a natural madd as long as we do not stop on the word. As stated before in the indications of the natural madd there cannot be a sukoon after the madd letter. If we were to stop on this word, the letter would acquire a presented sukoon, and the madd would no longer be considered a natural madd, but would be a different kind of madd, Included in المد الطبيعي is the group of letters " حي طهر ", which are letters that start some surahs of the Qur’an. If any one of these letters is at the beginning of a surah, the letter is read with two vowel counts. An example of this would be: طه . Another example is in the letters and pronounced as in the opening verse of surah Maryam: كهيعص .
1. (The Original Madd) المد الاصلي
2. (The Secondary Madd) المد الفرعي
The Natural Lengthening المد الطبيعي
Its definition: It is the medd (lengthening) that without which the letter cannot exist (the timing), and it does not stop due to a hamzah or a sukoon.
Its indications: There should not be a hamzah before it, and there should not be a hamzah or sukoon after it.
It is named original because it is the origin of all mudood (lengthenings). It is called natural because the person with a natural measure will not increase its measure nor decrease it.
Its timing: It is lengthened two vowel counts.
The timing of each count depends on the speed of the reciter. Each vowel should be equal in count to the other, and the mudood of two, four, five, and six counts should be equal to that many vowels.
Examples of (the natural lengthening ): كما معدودات
In all these three words, have a natural madd with different madd letters and will have the timing of two vowel counts. A note, the word has a natural madd as long as we do not stop on the word. As stated before in the indications of the natural madd there cannot be a sukoon after the madd letter. If we were to stop on this word, the letter would acquire a presented sukoon, and the madd would no longer be considered a natural madd, but would be a different kind of madd, Included in المد الطبيعي is the group of letters " حي طهر ", which are letters that start some surahs of the Qur’an. If any one of these letters is at the beginning of a surah, the letter is read with two vowel counts. An example of this would be: طه . Another example is in the letters and pronounced as in the opening verse of surah Maryam: كهيعص .
(from the website abouttajweed)
